Diabetic retinopathy is the most devastating ophthalmic condition associated with diabetes. It is characterised by capillary leakage, occlusion, and subsequent new vessel formation.

Hyperglycaemia, hypertension, elevated serum cholesterol and nephropathy are all associated with an increased risk of development and progression of retinopathy.

Because of the insidious nature of the disease, people with diabetes should have a full eye examination every year by a qualified ophthalmologist, or suitably trained and experienced diabetologist, GP or optometrist. More regular examinations are recommended in some patients.

Retinopathy can be sight-threatening and require urgent treatment.

The only treatment currently available for diabetic retinopathy is laser photocoagulation.

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