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Early signs of mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy
include microaneurysms, and small hemorrhages (dot and blot
hemorrhages). Soft exudates known as cotton-wool spots (Figure
3), and hard exudates are found in moderate non-proliferative
diabetic retinopathy.
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Figure 3. Moderate non-proliferative
diabetic retinopathy.
Reproduced with permission from
Eyesearch.com
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Later on, new vessels may begin to grow (Figure 4).
These new vessels can develop on the optic disk or elsewhere
on the retina.
If the new vessels develop and remain untreated, traction
retinal detachment can occur (Figure 5).
Macular edema can be present at any stage of retinopathy.
It is characterized by retinal thickening in the macular area,
often accompanied by hard exudates (Figure 6).
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