Diabetic retinopathy
Coronary heart disease
Care of the diabetic foot
      Heart failure  

 
Viewpoints
Heart failure

References


Summary
Diabetes and heart failure
Early signs of heart failure
How is heart failure detected?
Treatment options for heart failure
Which treatment options are suitable?
Tight glycaemic control and minimising risks
Treatment for diabetes with heart failure
References


Airaksinen J, Ikaheimo M, Kaila J, et al. Impaired left ventricular filling in young female diabetics. An echocardiographic study. Acta Med Scand 1984;216:509–516.

Cody RJ, Ljungman S, Covit AB, et al. Regulation of glomerular filtration rate in chronic congestive heart failure patients. Kidney Int 1988;34:361–367.

Cohn JN, Archibald DG, Ziesche S, et al. Effect of vasodilator therapy on mortality in chronic congestive heart failure. Results of a Veterans Administration Cooperative Study. N Engl J Med 1986;314:1547–1552.

Cohn JN, Fowler MB, Bristow MR, et al. Safety and efficacy of carvedilol in severe heart failure. The U.S. Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group. J Card Fail 1997;3:173–179.

Cohn JN, Johnson G, Ziesche S, et al. A comparison of enalapril with hydralazine-isosorbide dinitrate in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 1991;325:303–310.

The CONSENSUS Trial Study Group. Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure. Results of the Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study (CONSENSUS). N Engl J Med 1987;316:1429–1435.

Garg R. Rationale, design, implementation, and baseline characteristics of patients in the DIG trial: a large, simple, long-term trial to evaluate the effect of digitalis on mortality in heart failure. Control Clin Trials 1996;17:77–97.

Good CB, McDermott L, McCloskey B. Diet and serum potassium in patients on ACE inhibitors. JAMA 1995;274:538.

Gray R and Yudkin JS. Cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus. In: Textbook of diabetes. 2nd ed. Pickup JC and Williams G (eds). Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd, 1997;57.1–57.22.

Gustafsson I, Torp-Pedersen C, Kober L, et al. Effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor trandolapril on mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients with left ventricular dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction. Trace Study Group. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999;34:83–89.

Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. Effects of ramipril on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in people with diabetes mellitus: results of the HOPE study and MICRO-HOPE substudy. Lancet 2000;355:253–259.

Heidenreich PA, Lee TT, Massie BM. Effect of beta-blockade on mortality in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;30:27–34.

The International Steering Committee. Rationale, design, and organization of the Metoprolol CR/XL Randomized Intervention Trial in Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). Am J Cardiol 1997;80:54J–58J.

Kannel WB. Role of diabetes in cardiac disease; conclusions from population studies. In: Diabetes and the heart. Zoneraich S (ed). Springfield: CC Thomas, 1978;97–112.

Kannel WB and McGee DL. Diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors: the Framingham study. Circulation 1979;59:8–13.

Lavine SJ and Gellman SD. Treatment of heart failure in patients with diabetes mellitus. Drugs 2002;62:285–307.

Lechat P, Packer M, Chalon S, et al. Clinical effects of beta-adrenergic blockade in chronic heart failure: a meta-analysis of double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trials. Circulation 1998;98:1184–1191.

Maser RE and Lenhard M. The effect of losartan on cardiovascular autonomic function. Presented at ADA 62nd Annual Meeting and Scientific Sessions, 2002.

McConaghy JR and Smith SR. Outpatient treatment of heart failure. J Fam Pract 2002;51:519–525.

Merit-HF Study Group. Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). Lancet 1999;353:2001–2007.

Packer M, Gheorghiade M, Young JB, et al. Withdrawal of digoxin from patients with chronic heart failure treated with angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors. RADIANCE Study. N Engl J Med 1993;329:1–7.

Paillole C, Dahan M, Paycha F, et al. Prevalence and significance of left ventricular filling abnormalities determined by Doppler echocardiography in young type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients. Am J Cardiol 1989;64:1010–1016.

Pfeffer MA, Braunwald E, Moye LA, et al. Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Results of the survival and ventricular enlargement trial. The SAVE Investigators. N Engl J Med 1992;327:669–677.

Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, et al. The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 1999;341:709–717.

Raev DC. Which left ventricular function is impaired earlier in the evolution of diabetic cardiomyopathy? An echocardiographic study of young type I diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 1994;17:633–639.

Remme WJ and Swedberg K. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2001;22:1527–1560.

Shaw KM. Macrovascular disease in diabetes. In: Diabetic complications. Shaw KM (ed). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 1996;179–205.

The SOLVD Investigators. Effect of enalapril on mortality and the development of heart failure in asymptomatic patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions. N Engl J Med 1992;327:685–691.

Textor SC. Renal failure related to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Semin Nephrol 1997;17:67–76.

Tokmakova M, Dobreva B, Kostianev S. Effects of short-term exercise training in patients with heart failure. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 1999;41:68–71.

Waagstein F, Bristow MR, Swedberg K, et al. Beneficial effects of metoprolol in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Metoprolol in Dilated Cardiomyopathy (MDC) Trial Study Group. Lancet 1993;342:1441–1446.

Yudkin JS and Hendra TJ. Vascular events and diabetes: acute myocardial infarction and stroke. In: International textbook of diabetes. Alberti KG, Keen HA, and de Fronzo RA (eds). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1992;1185–1212.

Yusuf S, Sleight P, Pogue J, et al. Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 2000;342:145–153.

Zarich SW, Arbuckle BE, Cohen LR, et al. Diastolic abnormalities in young asymptomatic diabetic patients assessed by pulsed Doppler echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol 1988;12:114–120.

Zola B, Kahn JK, Juni JE, et al. Abnormal cardiac function in diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy in the absence of ischemic heart disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1986;63:208–214.

Zuanetti G. Cardiovascular disease and diabetes. In: New concepts in diabetes and its treatment. Belfiore F and Mogensen CE (eds). Basel: S Karger AG, 2000;186–198.

Previous




Return to Viewpoints homepage

 

 

 
Print this page
   
  Add to Favourites
   

Top of page | Home